O

　　o'clock 

　　［误］ It's ten past five o'clock.

　　［正］ It's ten past five.

　　［析］ o'clock所表达的时间是正点，如果要表达的时间是几点几分或差几分几点都不能用o'clock.

　　once 

　　［误］ Please come and see me once.

　　［正］ Please come and see me one day.

　　［析］ once用来谈论过去的事情，而不能谈论未来。如果要谈及未来要用one day, some time等。

　　［误］ I met him one time when I was a student.

　　［正］ I met him once when I was a student.

　　［析］ 英语中一次应用once而不用one time，二次要用twice而不用two times.

　　one 

　　［误］ My grandfather wants to live for hundred years.

　　［正］ My grandfather wants to live for one hundred years.

　　［误］ He threw away the old dictionary and wanted to buy new one.

　　［正］ He threw away the old dictionary and wanted to buy a new one.

　　［误］ His dog is bigger than my one.

　　［正］ His dog is bigger than mine.

　　［析］ 一般物主代词之后不用one，除非one前有修饰词，如my old one， 否则要用名词性物主代词。

　　［误］ One of the teacher is in the office.

　　［误］ One of the teachers are in the office.

　　［正］ One of the teachers is in the office.

　　［析］ One是句子的主语，其谓语动词应用单数，而of后面的名词要用复数名词。

　　［误］ One third of the books is sent to the students.

　　［正］ One third of the books are sent to the students.

　　［析］ 几分之几或百分之几这一结构用在主语位置，其谓语动词要与of后面的名词一致，如Two thirds of the work is done.

　　open 

　　［误］ Are the banks opened today?

　　［正］ Are the banks open today?

　　［析］ 要注意open即可用作动词、名词，还可以用作形容词，而close则不同。请看： Are the banks closed today?这一句是正确的。

　　or 

　　［误］ He doesn't drink and smoke.

　　［正］ He doesn't drink or smoke.

　　［析］ 否定句中的并列连词要用or而不用and.

　　［误］ He neither drinks or smokes.

　　［正］ He neither drinks nor smokes.
　　other 

　　［误］ Where are the others students?

　　［正］ Where are the other students?

　　［正］ Where are the others?

　　［析］ other作形容词时没有复数形式，且作为泛指讲时没有定冠词，如： Ask some other eople. 而加定冠词后为特指。 the other可在句中作主语、宾语或定语，如： Now let me show you the other. (宾语) He has two sons. One is a worker, the other is a teacher. (主语) others 只能作代词，而the others则为特指，如： There are five books. Two of them are not good. I like the others.

　　out 

　　［误］ She went out the classroom, taking a dictionary with her.

　　［正］ She went out of the classroom, taking a dictionary with her.

　　［析］ out of是指"从……里出来"，使用时不要将of丢掉。

　　P

　　paper 

　　［误］ Please give me two letter papers.

　　［正］ Please give me two sheets of letter paper.

　　［析］ paper作为纸讲为不可数名词。

　　［误］ Each student must write paper on what he learned.

　　［正］ Each student must write a paper on what he learned.

　　［析］ 这里的paper作为论文讲，是可数名词。paper的这种用法还可以用于证件、报纸、考卷等。

　　parent 

　　［误］ My parents and I are both interested in football.

　　［正］ My parents and I are all interested in football.

　　［析］ parents即为父母、双亲，指两个人，加上自己为三个人，所以只能用all而不能用both.

　　pass 

　　［误］ The ship pasted the channel.

　　［正］ The ship passed the channel.

　　［析］ pass为动词，而past则为副词，不要混淆，如： My father has been ill for the past two weeks. All the students passed the exam.

　　pay 

　　［误］ Please help me do this job, and I will pay for you later.

　　［正］ Please help me do this job and I will pay you later.

　　［析］ 为某工作付给工人工资应为pay somebody, 而pay for something是为某物付款，如： You can buy all the things you want. I'll pay for those.

　　people 

　　［误］ There are five hundred peoples here.

　　［正］ There are five hundred people here.

　　［误］ There is only one people.

　　［正］ There is only one person.

　　［误］ People there is friendly.

　　［正］ People there are friendly.

　　［析］ people作为人讲时为复数名词，如要讲一个人应用one person, 而不能用people, 讲若干人时用people而不能加s，这样的用法还有police(警察)等，这些概念用单数时要换其他的词. 如： people-a person; police-policeman policewoman; youth-a young man/woman.
picture 

　　［误］ There are some spots in the picture.

　　［正］ There are some spots on the picture.

　　［误］ There is a young woman on the picture.

　　［正］ There is a young woman in the picture.

　　［析］ 指溅落在画面上的灰尘，污物是on the picture，即讲与画面内容无关的东西用on，而in the picture用于讲画面的内容。

　　pity 

　　［误］ What pity that her mother must always suffer!

　　［正］ What a pity that her mother must always suffer!

　　［析］ pity作为遗憾之事讲常加不定冠词；但要注意作为同情、怜悯讲则不加冠词，为不可数名词，如： I feel pity for you. 它还可以用作动词，如： He pitied the poor people.

　　［误］ I have pity for you.

　　［正］ I have pity on you.

　　［析］ 可怜某人时应用have (take) pity on somebody，这是个惯用法。

　　place 

　　［误］ Last year he went to America. He travelled from place to another.

　　［正］ Last year he went to America. He travelled from place to place (from one place to another).

　　［析］ 到处译为英文时为from place to place请不要在place之前加冠词。这种用法在有些语法书中叫作零冠词用法，如：一户挨一户为door by door，手拉手为hand in hand.

　　［误］ The accident was taken place in that street.

　　［正］ The accident took place in that street.

　　［析］ take place为发生，它不能用于被动态，这样的词还有happen等。

　　［误］ There is no place in the bus.

　　［正］ There is no room in the bus.

　　［析］ room这里为不可数名词，意为空间，即没有地方了。place多指场所所在之地。

　　［误］ I came here to take place of Mr Smith.

　　［正］ I came here to take the place of Mr Smith.

　　［析］ take the place of 意为代替、取代某人某事。

　　play 

　　［误］ Do you want to play guitar?

　　［正］ Do you want to play the guitar?

　　［误］ I like to play the bridge.

　　［正］ I like to play bridge(桥牌).

　　［析］ play作为玩讲时，在各种乐器前要加冠词，在各种体育运动前则没有冠词。
please 

　　［误］ My friend pleased me to his birthday party yesterday.

　　［正］ My friend invited me to his birthday party yesterday.

　　［析］ please作为动词时其词义不是请，而是高兴、愿意等意，如： She always does what she pleases. (她总是想做什么就做什么。)又如： It's hard to please all. 而please作为请讲时为语气词，多用于祈使句中，如： Please come in.

　　［误］ Both the teacher and the mother were pleased to the little girl.

　　［正］ Both the teacher and the mother were pleased with the little girl.

　　［析］ 对某人表示满意、喜欢，应用be pleased with somebody. 对某事感到高兴和满意时多用be pleased at或about，但有时也可用with，却不能用of.

　　pleasure 

　　［误］ The boy gave his parents a lot of pleasures.

　　［正］ The boy gave his parents a lot of pleasure.

　　［析］ pleasure作为高兴、愉快、享乐、娱乐 讲时为不可数名词。

　　［误］ It is pleasure to work with you.

　　［正］ It is a pleasure to work with you.

　　［析］ pleasure作为一件或某件乐事、高兴之事讲时为 可数名词，如： It is one of my pleasures.

　　police 

　　［误］ The police has not found the cause of the accident.

　　［正］ The police have not found the cause of the accident.

　　［析］ police为复数名词，它没有单数形式。如果要讲一个警察 要用a policeman，两个要用two policemen，或a policewoman, two policewomen.

　　prepare 

　　［误］ I'm preparing the exam.

　　［正］ I'm preparing for the exam.

　　［误］ We'll return in time for you to prepare for dinner.

　　［正］ We'll return in time for you to prepare dinner.

　　［析］ prepare既是及物动词，又是不及物动词。作及物动词时 其后面所跟的事物是正在 准备的；而作不及物动词时for后面的事物是目标。如： I'm preparing for the exam. 应

　　译为我正在为考试做准备。同样的用法还有search与search for.

　　present 

　　［误］ Don't worry. I can present the meeting.

　　［正］ Don't worry. I can be present at the meeting.

　　［析］ present作为出席、在场讲时，是形容词而不应 用作动词。其动词意为 送给;赠给;提出，如： The reporter presented arguments of his idea.

　　put 

　　［误］ She put off her red dress and put on the green one.

　　［正］ She took off her red dress and put on the green on e.

　　［析］ 与put连用的介词很多，一般来讲on与off是一对相反的意 义的介词，如： turn on (打开)，turn off(关上)，穿衣服是put on，但脱衣服却只能用take off,而put o ff是推迟、使某人下车、关掉之意，如： They put off the exam because t he national holiday. (因国家假日而推迟考期。)Could you put me off at the Town Ha ll. (请在市政厅让我下车。)Please put off the wireless before you leave. (走之前 请关掉无线电。)