Public and Private Schools in the United States
      Religious and private schools receive little or no support from public taxes in the United States, and, as result, are usually somewhat expensive to _____1_____. The largest group of religious schools in America _____2_____ by the Roman Catholic Church. While religious schools tend to be _____3_____ expensive than private schools, there are usually some fees.
      When there is free education available to all children in the United States, why do people _____4_____ money on private schools? Americans offer _____5_____ great variety of reasons for doing so, including the desire of some parents to _____6_____ their children to schools _____7_____ classes tend to be smaller, or where religious instruction is included as part of the educational program, or because, _____8_____ their opinion, the public schools in their area are not _____9_____ high enough quality to meet their needs. Private schools in the United States _____10_____ widely in size, quality, and in the kind of program that are offered to meet _____11_____ of certain students.
      The degree _____12_____ American parents are active in their children’s schools is often _____13_____ to people of other countries. Most schools have organizations _____14_____ of both parents and teachers, usually called P. T. A. for Parent-Teacher Association. They meet together to_____15_____ various matters concerning the school. Parents often give their time to help with classroom or after school activities.

1. A. go                    B. attend          C. take part in  D. enroll
2. A. were run                B. run                      C. is run          D. is running
3. A. less                  B. more            C. rather          D. much
4. A. spend            B. pay                  C. cost                      D. take
5. A. a                      B. the                      C. some            D. /
6. A. bring                B. bringing              C. send                D. sending
7. A. which          B. what                C. in that              D. where
8. A. to                    B. in                      C. on                      D. for

9. A. /                      B. in                      C. of                D. on
10. A. differ                B. varies          C. extend          D. differs
11. A. the needs                B. the satisfaction  C. needs          D. need
12. A. on which                B. to which          C. which          D. what
13. A. surprise                B. surprised              C. surprising    D. striking
14. A. consisting    B. comprising    C. composing    D. making up
15. A. talk to        B. comment                C. discuss                D. exchange

Squishy Cellphones Add a Buzz to Calls
      Vibrating rubber cellphone could be the next big thing in mobile communications. They allow people to communicate by squishing the phone to transmit_____1_____along with their spoken words. According to a research team at the MIT Media Lab in Cambridge. Massachusetts, the idea will make_____2_____more fun.
Many mobile phones can already be made to vibrate_____3_____ring when you do not want people to know you are getting a call. But these vibrations,_____4_____by a motor spinning an eccentric weight inside the device, are too crude for subtle communication, says Angela Chang of the lab’s Tangible Media Group. “they’re _____5_____ on or off,” she says.
      But when you grip Chang’s prototype latex cellphone, your fingers and thumb wrap around five_____6_____speakers. They vibrate_____7_____your skin around 250 times per second. Beneath these speakers sit pressure sensors, so you can transmit vibration as well as _____8_____ it. When you squeeze with a finger, a vibration signal is transmitted _____9_____ you caller’s corresponding finger. Its_____10_____depends on how hard you squeeze.
      She says that within a few minutes of being given_____11_____the phones, students were using the vibration feature to add emphasis to what they were saying or to interrupt the other speaker. Over time, people even began to transmit their_____12_____kind of ad hoe “Morse code”, which they would repeat back to show they were following what the other person was saying. “It was pretty easy to communicate, though we didn’t specifically pre-arrange___13____,” says David Milovich, one of the students who tried out the device.
      Chang thinks “vibralanguages” could _____14_____ for the same reason as testing: sometimes people want to communicate something _____15_____ everyone nearby knowing what they’re saying. “And imagine actually being able to shake someone’s hand when you close a business deal,” he says.

1. A) voices          B) messages    C) vibrations                    D) feelings
2. A) phoning          B) talking            C) working                  D) testing
3. A) as much as        B) as well as        C) in spite of              D) instead of
4. A) being            B) caused            C) to be caused        D) having caused
5. A) never          B) seldom          C) either                  D) neither
6. A) tiny          B) large                  C) loud                        D) low
7. A) against          B) above            C) over                        D) on
8. A) using          B) hearing          C) receiving                  D) feeling
9. A) for            B) with                  C) from                        D) to
10. A) strength        B) loudness            C) speed                        D) rhythm
11. A) students        B) them                  C) /                                D) her
12. A) own          B) unique            C) other                        D) different
13. A) codes            B) systems            C) wave bands        D) call time
14. A) make out        B) go without      C) give in                      D) take off
15. A) with          B) without          C) for                  D) against